Enġelasburg
Enġelasburg (Spēonisce: Los Ángeles; Niwenglisc: Los Angeles), is grēat burg on þǣm Geāndum Rīcum Ƿīnlandes. Hit is Californie mǣst burg æfter lēodrǣdenne, and hēo is sēo ōðru burg þāra Geāndena Rīca on lēodrǣdne æfter Nīƿum Eoforƿīce - æfter þǣre folctellunge þæs 2010. gēares ƿæs his lēodrǣden 3,792,621 lēoda. His landscipe is 469 fēoƿerscētra mīla brād.
| Enġelasburg | |
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| — Scirburg — | |
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| Land |
 Geānedu Rīcu America Geānedu Rīcu America |
| Underrice |
 Californie |
| Gestaðelod | 4 Haligmonað 1781 |
| Brego | Karen Bass |
| Bradnes • gerim |
1,302.15171 km² |
| Hiehþu | 106 m |
| Leodræden • buend |
3,898,747 buenda |
| Tidgyrdel | UTC−08:00, Pacific Time Zone, UTC−07:00 |
| Sprecungrim | 213, 310, 424, 323, 747, 818 |
| Webstede | Webstede |
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 Enġelasburg Commons | |
 Þis cyþþubox hæfþ Wikidata wihta | |
Hit is sēo heorte þæs Māran Los Angeles Landscipes, þe hafaþ nēan 18 þūsenda þūsenda lēoda þȳ 2010. gēare, and for þǣm is se burglīca landscipe ān þāra mǣstena burglīcena landscipa þǣre ƿorulde æfter lēodrǣdne.
Se Spēonisca gȳmend Felipe de Neve staðolode Los Angeles on þǣm 4. dæge Hāligmōnðes þæs 1781. gēares. Hit ƿearþ dǣl Mexicƿes þȳ 1821. gēare æfter þǣm Mexiciscan Sealfƿealdes Ƿīge. Þæs 1848. gēares, æfter þǣm Ƿīge Merxicƿes and þāra Geāndena Rīca, bohton þā Geāndan Rīcu Los Angeles and ēac ealle Californie, þe ƿæs ƿæstm þǣre Fōreƿarde of Guadalupe Hidalgo.
Nama
adihtSēo burg of þǣm engelas
adihtHwæt, on þam wærmum Hāligmōnaðdæg, on þǣm tīde þe wæs 1781, fōr a flocc of fyrtīfēower hæleð on hæþenweorc. Hīe wæron gehāten Los Pobladores, and hīe cōmon fram manegum stōwum, ælc wið his agen hopa and dreogan. Hīe ēodon tōgædere þurh ǣlces līfþræces hylle and feldwearde, fylgend ūser hyder ūser wæterflōwende stīge.[1]
Þā hīe æt lǣstan stōdun, hīe Ƿēndon ūser tō þǣm land,[2] þǣr þā wæterflōw hæfde ēowrice and þā hyll þǣr ūpēogan. Hit wæs þǣr hīe gewitenan hīwisc hēaþe. Wīðhēafod and folces ealdrīce hīe healdan, hīe mycel weorcum gewyrhtan ēac rīce, hīe sealc wiþ heora cīeland and healdan to þes nū Ƿynscymn, El Pueblo de Nuestra Señora la Reina de los Ángeles, eallða: "Ur Hlæfdige Engela Cwen and hēanweorc wæstan".[3]
Se onwendende nama þæs burg
adihtSwā þæt lytlan hēaþe wæx, hit wearð þēowearm cīepan, ond swā hrædlice, a strēam cīetan. Ac sum cyrlic þā wæron tōsceādene, swā þæt cīepan Los Angeles wearð frōforen: fēoll folc tōceosian neówan wīsan. By þǣm 1850, þonne cīepan wæron gehæft, þā geheredon mǣst þeodnes eallra gecyndes Lawss AN-jəl-əs. Hit þōhte wel tō þǣm ǣlce þēod on niþer, ond ēac þæt namian wæs spræc on wyrse ġearum.
Ac on þǣm 1880s, niwe cīepan þām Engliscan modum stōp. Þā eardas and eorþan-tilian hæfde geþwærce nāmes þæt soundan Sǣl and gerǣdan secg, ac eallra oþer, to secgan on landes hiw. Hīe nytwendan þis, cōm tōsprǣc ēac Lohss ANG-gəl-əs. Hēaþlicor, swāstigh, ond swīþre fræsten geteced. Ne wæron eall men gemētst þonne hīe secgan þurh sume wegas.[4][5]
For lytle hūrum, Los Angeles Times cīepan þæs widre on medlen cymen þegna earst wealdoden hæftlic 𝛽retten. Tō cyngas wealdend þurh þæt geþeawe tō samod trimmeh hæfer gemīþað on nēowna spreac.[6]
Se nama for þā ælþe
adihtEallswa, þā nama æf Enġelasburg remained a reflection of the people who lived there—a name that changed and shifted as the burg grew. Though the way it was spoken might differ from person to person, the meaning behind it endured.
Enġelasburg wǣs, ond ealneweġ wolde bē, se Ceaster of Engelas. Ān stōw āstonden of drēogan, gefremed þurh hyra folc, and hwispered ymbe in uncounted sprǣce, ælc ān forþgēaf hit niwe storian tō secgenne. Ond swā, þæt burg wex, and hīre nama wex mid hit, berende þā ēacena þāra fēowertig and fēower gēara þe forðan stōdon be þām ēa and ongyndan hwæt mihte beon.[7]
Bæcgrund and rīmlīċness
adihtWestendlondisc Eardfæstfolc tīmas
adiht
Þē settlemantan of Eardfæstfolc Californum on se nūlic ārfæstnes Enġelasflatlandes on se Sanct Ferdinand Dele wǣs dominorum þāra Tongfa (nū ēac cūðe be naman 'Gabrieleño siððan þǣre tīde Spēoniscra oferheringa). Se ealdcentrum of Tongfa anweald þāra ricum wǣs se settlenmantan of Geanga (Tongva: Iyáangẚ), mǣneþ "placum of se ātorāc", hwīc wolde one day be the site where the Speonisc ġestaþelod se Hām of Enġelasburg. Iyáangẚ hǣfeþ eallswa ġebēon wendan as "se dele of smoca".[8][9][10][11][12]
Fruman
adiht- ↑ Settlement of Los Angeles (Niwenglisc Americanisc).
- ↑ Ooh L.A. L.A. (December 12, 1991).
- ↑ Pool, Bob (March 26, 2005). City of Angels' First Name Still Bedevils Historians (Niwenglisc Americanisc).
- ↑ Masters, Nathan (February 24, 2011). "The Crusader in Corduroy, the Land of Soundest Philosophy, and the 'G' That Shall Not Be Jellified". KCET (Public Media Group of Southern California). https://www.kcet.org/shows/lost-la/the-crusader-in-corduroy-the-land-of-soundest-philosophy-and-the-g-that-shall-not-be-jellified.
- ↑ Masters, Nathan (May 6, 2016). "How to Pronounce "Los Angeles," According to Charles Lummis". KCET (Public Media Group of Southern California). https://www.kcet.org/shows/lost-la/how-to-pronounce-los-angeles-according-to-charles-lummis.
- ↑ Harvey, Steve (June 26, 2011). "Devil of a time with City of Angels' name". Los Angeles Times. https://www.latimes.com/local/la-xpm-2011-jun-26-la-me-0626-then-20110626-story.html.
- ↑ Windsor Lewis, Jack (1990). "HappY land reconnoitred: the unstressed word-final -Bysen:Zwjy vowel in General British pronunciation", Studies in the Pronunciation of English: A Commemorative Volume in Honour of A.C. Gimson. Routledge, 159–167. ISBN 978-1-138-92111-5. Pages 166–167.
- ↑ Bowman, Chris (July 8, 2008). "Smoke is Normal – for 1800". The Sacramento Bee. http://www.sacbee.com/101/story/1066675.html.
- ↑ Gordon J. MacDonald. Environment: Evolution of a Concept. “The Native American name for Los Angeles was Yang na, which translates into "the valley of smoke."”
- ↑ Bright, William (1998). Fifteen Hundred California Place Names. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-21271-8. “Founded on the site of a Gabrielino Indian village called Yang-na, or iyáangẚ, 'poison-oak place.'”
- ↑ Sullivan, Ron (December 7, 2002). "Roots of native names". San Francisco Chronicle. http://www.sfgate.com/homeandgarden/thedirt/article/Roots-of-native-names-2712675.php. "Los Angeles itself was built over a Gabrielino village called Yangna or iyaanga', 'poison oak place.'"
- ↑ Cite error: Invalid
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