|
'''Rīmaȝiefunȝ''' (on Nīƿum Enȝlisce hāteþ ''algebra'') is dǣl [[rīmcræft]]es be þǣre cnēorlǣcinȝe þāra laȝa of ƿeorcunȝe and gesibbnessum, and þǣm timbrum and oncnāƿnessum þe arīsaþ from heom, ēac besetednessum, maniȝsetednessum, efenƿeorðfindunȝum, and rīmaȝiefunȝlicum endebyrdnessum. Andefen eorþmetes, arāflunȝe, stōƿlāre, tellinȝalāre, and rīma flītcræftes is rīmaȝiefunȝ ān þāra hēafodlicena dǣla smǣtes rīmcræftes.
Se dǣl rīmaȝiefunȝe ȝehāten ȝrundstaðoliende rīmaȝiefunȝ is oft dǣl þǣre lāre in æfterran lǣrunȝe and inlǣdeþ þā oncnāƿnesse missenrīma þe tācniaþ rīm. Cwidas þā sind ȝestaðolode on þissum missenrīmum sind gestēorede notiende þā laȝa ƿeorcunȝa þā sind ȝehapa rīmum, sƿilce ēacnunȝ. Mann mæȝ dōn þis for missenlicum intinȝum, ēac efenƿeorþfindunȝe. Rīmaȝiefunȝ is swīðe brādre þonne ȝrundstaðoliende rīmaȝiefunȝ and is sēo cnēorlǣcinȝ þǣre ȝelimpeþ sēo nytt missenlica laȝa weorcinge and sēo ȝesettunȝ weorcinȝa tō ōðrum þinȝum būtan rīmum. Ēacnunȝ and manigfealdinȝ cunnoncann ƿesanmann brǣdedasettan on ȝemǣnre endebyrdnesse laȝa and heora forrihtanfullan, rihtan tōmearcunȝa inlǣdaþ [[rīmaȝiefunȝiscrīmaȝiefunȝlice timber|rīmaȝiefunȝisceendebyrdnessa timbras]]sƿilce swelce [[þrēat (on rīmlāre)|þrēatas]], [[hring (on rīmlāre)|hringas]]hrinȝas and [[feld (on rīmlāre)|felda]]līchāmas, þe sind cnēorlǣhtcnēorlǣhte on þǣm dǣle rīmlārerīmcræftes þe hāteþ [[brād stæfrīmtācing]]rīmaȝiefunȝ.
== Stǣr ==
[[Biliþ:Image-Al-Kitāb al-muḫtaṣar fī ḥisāb al-ğabr wa-l-muqābala.jpg|thumb|Tramet fram [[:en:Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi|Al-Khwārizmī]]'s ''[[Sēo Sceortlice Bōc be RīmweorcingeRīmƿeorcinȝe þurh FulfillingeFulfillinȝe and Efensettunge|al-Kitāb al-muḫtaṣar fī ḥisāb al-ğabr wa-l-muqābala]]Efensettunȝe'']]
Þā þā [[Plato]] cōm, [[Crēcisc rīmcræft]] hæfde gefēredȝefēred micele andwendungeandƿendunȝe. Þā [[Gamol Crēcland|Crēcas]] sciepedon [[eorþmetlic rīmaȝiefunȝ|eorþmetlice rīmaȝiefunȝe]] on þǣmþǣre þe besetednessa wǣronƿǣron tācnod fram sīdum eorþmetlicra þingaþinȝa, oftost līna, þā hæfdon stafan gesibbȝeþēote himƿiþ hīe.<ref>Fram "Europe in the Middle Ages" on þǣm 258 tramente: "On þǣm rīmcræftlicum foresetednessumsōþfōresetednessum in Euclides ''HēafodsceaftHēafodȝesceaft'' fram VII oþ IX, rīm hæfdon gebēonsind tācnod fram līndǣlum on þǣm þe stafan hæfdon gebēonsind gesetedgesette, and þā eorþmetlican bēhþa in al-KhwarizmisKhwarizmies bēc ''Rīmaȝiefunȝ'' notodednotode stæfbǣra gefēgednessaȝefēȝednessa; ac ealle fæstmanigfealdendasefenƿyrcendas in þǣm efenweorþfindungumefenƿeorþfindunȝum gebrocenþā sind gebrocena in þǣre bēc ''AlgebraRīmaȝiefunȝ'' sind amearcodeamearcod agyldan;rīm, ǣghwæðer þe hīe sīen tācnodtācnode fram rīmumrīmstafum oþþe gewritensīen ȝeƿritene on wordumƿordum. Sēo oncnāwnessoncnāƿness brādnesse is abēacnod in al-KhwarizmisKhwarizmies amearcungeamearcunȝe, ac hē næfde nāne wīsanƿīsan tō ēowiennetācnienne stæfrīmtācnienderīmaȝiefunȝlīce þā gewunelicanȝeƿunelican forþsetednessafōresetednessa þe sind swāsƿā gearuȝearƿa in eorþmete."</ref> [[Diophantus]] (þe lifode on þǣm 3. hundgēarehundȝēare ADæfter Crīste), hwīlumþe hƿīlum is gehātenȝehāten "se fæder rīmaȝiefunȝe", wæsƿæs [[Alexandria]]niscAlexandrianisc [[Crēcisc rīmlār|rīmlārmann]]rīmcræftmann and se wrītereƿrītere endebyrdnesse bōca gehātenþā hātaþ ''[[Arithmetica]]Rīmcræft''. Þās gewrituȝeƿritu standaþ be þǣre arāflinge [[rīmaȝiefunȝiscarāflinȝe efenweorþfindung|rīmaȝiefunȝiscrarīmaȝiefunȝlicra efenweorþfindunga]]efenƿeorþfindunȝa.
Rīmaȝiefunȝe staðol biþ gefundenȝefunden on gamolumȝamolum [[Indisc rīmcræft|IndiscreIndiscum rīmcræfte]], þe [[Muhammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī]] (lifode offram þǣm 780. gēareȝēare oþ þæt 850. gēarȝēar) hefigehefiȝe onfēngonfēnȝ on mōde. Hē leornode IndisceIndiscne rīmlārerīmcræft and inlēd hīe in þā AlladōmiscanAllahdōmiscan dǣldǣlas þǣre woruldeƿorulde þurh his wīdcūðeƿīdcūð rīmlāriscerīmcræftlic gewritȝeƿrit, ''Bōc be ĒacnungeĒacnunȝe and AnimungeAnimunȝe æfter þǣre WīsanǷīsan þāra IndiscebaIndiscena''.<ref>http://www.brusselsjournal.com/node/4107/print</ref><ref>''A History of Mathematics: An Introduction (on ōðerre ūtsendnesse) (cartbæcedsōftbōc) fram Victor J katz Addison Wesley; on ōðerre ūtsendnesse (on þǣm 6 dæge Hrēðmōnaðes þæs 1998 gēares)</ref> Hē lator awrāt ''[[Sēo Sceortlice Bōc be Rīmweorcinge þurh Fulfillinge and Efensettung]]'', þe gesette rīmaȝiefunȝe tō rīmlāriscum cræfe se is ānstandende fram [[eorþmet]]e and [[grundrīmcræft]]e.<ref>{{citation|title=Al Khwarizmi: The Beginnings of Algebra|author=Roshdi Rashed|publisher=[[Saqi Books]]|date=November 2009|isbn=0863564305}}</ref>
Þā staðolas rīmaȝiefunȝe cunnon wesan gefunden on þǣm gamolum [[Babylonisc rīmlār|Babyloniscum]] ,<ref>Struik, Dirk J. (1987). ''A Concise History of Mathematics''. New York: Dover Publications.</ref> þā forðodon forðode rīmmetende endebyrdnesse þurh þā þe hīe cūðdon dōn rīmweorcunga in rīmendebyrdnessiscre wīsan. Þā Babyloniscan forðodon endebyrdnessa tō weorcienne arāflunga cnottena þe sindgewunelīce arāfled tōdæg be þǣre nytte [[līnlicra efenweorþfindunga]], [[fēowerscētra efenweorþfindunga]], and [[unrīm efenweorþfindung|unrīmra līnlicra efenweorþfindunga]]. Tō ungelīcnesse, þæt mǣste dǣl [[Egyptisc rīmlār|Egyptiscena]] þisre tīde, and [[Crēcisc rīmlār|Crēciscena]] and [[Cīnisc rīmlār|Cīniscena]] rīmlārmanna in þǣm [[1 þūsendgēare fōre Crīste]], gewunelīce arāflede swelca efenweorþfindunga þurh eorþmetlica endebyrdnesse, swelce þās amearcod in þǣm ''[[Rhind Rīmlāriscan Papyrus]]'', [[Euclides Gesceaft|Euclides ''Gesceaft'']], and ''[[Þā Nigone Hēafodwearda on þǣm Rīmcræfte]]''. Þæt eorþmetlice weorc þāra Crēciscena, ēowod in þǣre bēc ''Gesceaft'', macode þæt grundweorc for þǣre gewuneliclǣcunge endebyrdnessa begeondan þā arāflunge sumra cnottena on maniga gewunelica endebyrdnessa secgunge and arāflunge efenweorþfindunga, þēah þe þis ne scolde wesan gecūþ oþ þā [[rīmcræft in midealdum Alladōme|midealdan Alladōmiscan rīmcræftmenn]].
|
